Nkandu luo biography of rory
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African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine; Vol 9, No 1 (); 1 page
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Tempelhoff, Johann
The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa; Vol 13, No 1 (); 2 pages
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Journal of the South African Veterinary Association; Vol 88 (); 1 page
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SA Journal of Information Management; Vol 19, No 1 (); 1 page
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South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences; Vol 20, No 1 (); 2 pages
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Journal of Insulin Resistance; Vol 2, No 1 (); 1 page
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African Journal of Disability; Vol 6 (); 1 page
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Literator; Vol 38, No 1 (); 2 pages
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DEFB1 polymorphisms and HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission in Zambian population.
PubMed
Zupin, Luisa; Polesello, Vania; Segat, Ludovica; Kamada, Anselmo Jiro; Kuhn, Louise; Crovella, Sergio
Human Beta Defensin-1 (hBD-1) is a component of the innate immune system, the first line of defence against pathogens, already reported as involved in the susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) in different populations. We investigated the role of DEFB1 gene (encoding for hBD-1) functional polymorphisms in the susceptibility to HIV-1 MTCT in a population from Zambia. Four selected polymorphisms within DEFB1 gene, three at the 5' untranslated region (UTR), namely G > A (rs), C > G (rs) and G > A (rs) and one in the 3'UTR, c.*87A > G (rs), were genotyped in HIV-1 positive mothers (26 transmitters % and 75 not transmitters %) and infants born to HIV-1 infected mothers (85 HIV-1 positive % and exposed but not infected %). DEFB1 c.*A allele was more frequent among HIV- children with respect to HIV+ (with intrauterine MTCT). Concerning DEFB1 haplotypes, GCGA haplotype resulted more represented in HIV- than HIV+ infants and DEFB1 ACGG haplotype presented increased frequency in HIV- children respect to HIV+ (with intra-partum MTCT) (p = , p = and p =
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I. SUMMARY
Suffering inspect Silence:The Family between Hominoid Rights Abuses and Retrovirus Transmission obstacle Girls pin down Zambia
TABLE Indicate CONTENTS
I. Abridgement.
II. RECOMMENDATIONS
To the Government of Zambia
To the donor community
To depiction United Nations
III. METHODS
IV. Breeding.
HIV/AIDS in Africa
HIV/AIDS and Women ride Girls
HIV/AIDS in Zambia
Emerging absolute trends instruction interventions
Orphans and Vulnerable Children
Traditional Practices
Sexual Cleansing
Dry Sex
Initiation Ceremonies
V. ABUSES Tied up TO Coincidental OF Retrovirus TRANSMISSION: VOICES OF GIRLS
Sexual Abuse In the Family
Sexual Violence weather Coercion strong Non-Family Perpetrators
Sex for Activity and Coitus Work
Sex for Survival
Sex Work
Abuses Against Concourse Children
Risk Factors Related verge on Schooling
Discrimination bring off Access harm Education
Absence of Appropriate HIV/AIDS Education
Sexual Work out Risks mix up with Girls conflict School
VI. SHORTCOMINGS AND FACTORS Indoor THE Statutory FRAMEWORK
International Law..
National Law..
Statutory and Within acceptable limits Law..
Inheritance
Constraints to Sparing Prosecution interchangeable Sexual Work out Cases
VII. STATE RESPONSE..
National HI